Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst, computer illustration. E. granulosus is a parasitic tapeworm, also called as dog tapeworm and hydatid worm, which causes cystic echinococcosis. Humans are infected by ingestion of parasitic eggs excreted by feces of definitive host (dogs and wild carnivores), the eggs hatch in small intestine and release a six-hooked oncosphere, which in turn penetrate intestinal wall, migrate through circulatory system to other organs, mainly liver and lungs, and develop into a thick-walled hydatid cyst, which enlarges gradually, produces protoscolices and daughter cysts that fill the cyst interior. This cyst is slow-growing but can causes clinical symptoms and become life-threatening if untreated.