Map of New France, 17th century. New France was the area colonized by France in North America, stretching from Canada to Louisiana. Annotated in French, the map shows the Arctic Ocean ('Mer Glaciale'), Hudson Bay, Labrador, the Great Lakes, Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico ('Le Sein de Mexique'), along with the branches and tributaries of the Mississippi River and a mention of California (lower left). The map also shows the settlements of numerous indigenous populations (some referred to as 'savages') using tent symbols. European settlements are marked with a Christian church cross symbol. This map was produced in 1674 by French-Canadian explorer Louis Jolliet (1645-1700), with his letter to Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac and Governor General of New France. Jolliet is best known for his explorations of the Mississippi on the Jolliet-Marquette expedition of 1673-4.