Eurasian jay, Garrulus glandarius, and spotted nutcracker, Nucifraga caryocatactes. . Handcolored copperplate stipple engraving from Dumont de Sainte-Croix's Dictionary of Natural Science: Ornithology, Paris, France, 1816-1830. Illustration by J. G. Pretre, engraved by Rebel, directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by F.G. Levrault. Jean Gabriel Pretre (1780-1845) was painter of natural history at Empress Josephine's zoo and later became artist to the Museum of Natural History.