Human Apolipoprotein A-1 molecule. Molecular model showing the structure of an apolipoprotein A-1 molecule, a component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDLs are proteins that bind to lipid (fat) molecules and transport them around the body. They are sometimes called 'good cholesterol' because their role in fat metabolism contributes to the body's cardiovascular health. Apolipoproteins transport dietary lipids from the intestine to the liver, and synthesised lipids to other tissues for storage or metabolism. Apolipoprotein A-1 is a common variety of these proteins.