Uterine fibroid surgery. Endoscope view of surgical instruments removing uterine fibroids from the wall of the uterus (womb). Fibroids, or fibromyomas, are benign (non-cancerous) tumours of fibrous and muscular tissue. Most do not require treatment, but some can cause bleeding, pain and other disorders. Large fibroids may need to be surgically removed. The surgical procedure is known as a myomectomy and is performed using laparoscopic surgery, a type of keyhole surgery.