Henry Bence Jones (1813-1873), English chemist. Bence Jones was born into an Army family, and was educated at Harrow and then Trinity College Cambridge. He went on to study medicine in London. In 1841 he went to Giessen to study chemistry under Liebig. He published on may topics, primarily the chemistry behind studying urine as a diagnostic tool. Among other things, he noted the excess levels of urea in patients with gout - now known to be caused by uric acid crystallisation in the peripheral joints. He held fellowships of the Royal Society and the Royal College of Physicians, and was secretary to the Royal Institution for many years. His friends included Darwin, Huxley, Florence Nightingale and Faraday.