Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization that arose on the island of Crete, came to dominate the shores and islands of the Aegean Sea, and flourished as a maritime power from approximately the 27th century BCE to the 15th century BCE.

It was rediscovered at the beginning of the 20th century by British archaeologist Arthur Evans. Will Durant referred to it as 'the first link in the European chain'. Archaeological evidence points to the island's settlement between the late 8th and early 7th millennia BCE. However, it was not until 5000 BCE that the first signs of advanced agriculture appeared. Minoan civilization is considered to have begun with the palace complexes that appeared in the Bronze Age.