Edward I addressing his Subjects; 1297. Edward's unconstitutional act in ordering an universal military levy brought about a crisis in 1297. The speech delivered from a wooden stage erected in front of Westminster Hall was in the nature of an impassioned harangue of regret for his unconstitutional proceeding. So effective was his speech that his subjects raised their hands in token of devotion. Illustration for Hutchinson's History of the Nations (Hutchinson; c.1920). Note: Image has been digitally enhanced to facilitate repro.