Illustration of the US astrophysicist Raymond Davis (1914-2006). Davis conducted an experiment in the Homestake Gold Mine, South Dakota, USA, in the 1960s, with the aim of detecting neutrinos (subatomic particles) emitted by the Sun. The result showed that there were fewer neutrinos than predicted by theories about how the Sun burns. This work resulted in him being awarded a third of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics (the other thirds went to Masatoshi Koshiba and Riccardo Giacconi) for the detection of cosmic neutrinos.