Illustration of the US chemist Carolyn Bertozzi (born 1966). Bertozzi is best known for using chemical reactions to probe biological systems. She coined the term 'bioorthogonal' to describe these reactions, which are able to take place in a cell without disrupting its normal chemistry, and founded the field of bioorthogonal chemistry. Her research focuses on sugars in biological systems, or glycobiology, and investigates their role in disease and their use for diagnosis and treatment. She was awarded a share of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Morten Meldal and K. Barry Sharpless for her development of bioorthogonal chemistry.