Percolating reaction-diffusion waves (PERWAVES) experiment. This experiment sets metal powder on fire in microgravity to research how it burns in a chamber. This is a collaboration of a group of universities, led by the Alternative Fuels Laboratory (AFL) at McGill, the European Space Agency (ESA), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), and Airbus Defence and Space. It is carried out under microgravity because the metal powder is more spaced out and easier to study than in a normal laboratory. The PERWAVES experiment could potentially lead to carbon-free, smokeless fuel. The experiment launched in space on a Texus 56 sounding rocket in November 2021.