IMJ424086 Torah shield decorated with four crowns, late 17th century (mixed media) by German School, (17th century); 41x28 cm; The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, Israel; (add.info.: silver, repousse, cast, engraved, and partly gilt; semi-precious stones and coral beads; hangs on the front of the Torah; also called breastplate;); 穢 Israel Museum, Jerusalem ; Gift through Dr. Pardo, Hamburg; German, out of copyright.