Long Wavelength Array radio antennas. These are four-sided dipole antennas of the Long Wavelength Array (LWA), built on the site of the Very Large Array (VLA) in central New Mexico, USA. The site is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). Like the VLA, the LWA combines the views of its individual antennas into radio images of the sky. Unlike the VLA, however, the LWA antennas cannot dip or turn. To image different parts of the sky, the antennas rely on sophisticated electronics, software, and their four-sided faces. The LWA is used to observe pulsars, the Sun and its effects on the planets, and the most distant stars and galaxies in the universe. In addition, the LWA also studies the radio-bouncing layer of our atmosphere, called the ionosphere. Completed in 2009, the LWS has been operating since 2011.