'Cesare Borgia', (1933). Portrait of Italian military leader Cesare Borgia, Duke of Valentinois (c1475-1507). The son of Pope Alexander VI, Cesare Borgia commanded the papal armies from 1497. His ruthless reputation inspired Macchiavelli to cite him as the epitome of the new 'Prince'. From "Gestalten Der Weltgeschichte", a book of cigarette-card portrait miniatures of figures in world history from the last four hundred years. [Germany, 1933]