Statistics in the form of a bar chart, showing percentage literacy levels in Russia in 1897, based on an economic atlas published by Professor I Kh Ozerov, using population census returns. Figures are shown separately for men and women, in towns and cities (blue), Guberniya (regions or provinces, similar to American states) (pink) and Uezd (an administrative area similar to an English county, not including towns/cities) (green). The Guberniya covered are St Petersburg, Kostromskaya, Vilenska, Petrokovsk, Smolensk, Voronezh and Mogilevsk.