The Harlem Renaissance Ballroom was completed in 1924 as part of a larger entertainment hub that included a bustling casino and 900 seat theater. Built and operated by black businessmen, the "Rennie" was the only upscale reception hall available to African- Americans at the time. Prize fights, concerts, dance marathons, film screenings, and stage acts were held at the Renaissance, along with elegant parties and meetings of the most influential social clubs and political organizations in Harlem. The community's elite gathered to dance the Charleston and the Black Bottom to live entertainment by the most renowned jazz musicians of the age. The nightspot even played host to the nation's first all-black professional basketball team, also called the Harlem Renaissance, considered by some to be the best in the world in their day. On game nights, portable hoops were erected on the dance floor, converting the ballroom into a stadium. The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the 1920s. During the first Great Migration (1910-1930) about 1.6 million African-American migrants left Southern rural areas to migrate to northern industrial cities. Starting around the time of the end of WWI, Harlem became associated with the New Negro movement, and then the artistic outpouring known as the Harlem Renaissance, which extended to poetry, novels, theater, and the visual arts.

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