Heinrich Rose (August 6, 1795 - January 27, 1864) was a German mineralogist and analytical chemist. He was professor at the University of Berlin from 1823. In 1846 he rediscovered the chemical element niobium, proving conclusively that it was different from tantalum. This confirmed that Charles Hatchett had discovered niobium in 1801 in columbite ore. In 1845 he published the discovery of a new element pelopium, which he had found in the mineral tantalite. After subsequent research pelopium was identified to be a mixture of tantalum and niobium. In 1830, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He died in 1864 at the age of 68.