Florence Bascom (July 14, 1862 - June 18, 1945) was an American geologist. She was the first woman to receive a Ph.D from Johns Hopkins University, which she did in 1893. While studying at John Hopkins she was forced to sit behind a screen so as not to disturb the men. In 1894, she was the first woman elected to the Geological Society of America. She received the position of assistant geologist at the US Geological Survey in 1896, the first woman to be appointed. From 1896 to 1908, she was an associate editor of the magazine American Geologist. She was promoted to geologist by the USGS and assigned the Mid-Atlantic Piedmont region of the United States. A great deal of her work involved the crystalline rocks and geomorphology of this region. She was also a member of the United States National Research Council and of the American Geophysical Union. She published over 40 articles on genetic petrography, geomorphology, and gravel. She died in 1945 at the age of 82.