Lithograph entitled and captioned: "The Battle of Antietam, Maryland, September 17, 1862. This splendid victory was achieved by the Army of the Potomac commanded by the great General George B. McClellan over the Rebel Army under Lee, Jackson, and a host of others, utterly routing and compelling them to a precipitate retreat across the Potomac to save themselves from capture and annihilation." The Battle of Antietam was fought on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and Antietam Creek. The first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with about 23,000 casualties. Union Major General Ambrose Burnside's corps entered the action, capturing a stone bridge over Antietam Creek and advancing against the Confederate right. At a crucial moment, Confederate Major General A.P. Hill's division arrived from Harpers Ferry and launched a surprise counterattack, driving back Burnside and ending the battle.