Lithograph entitled and captioned: "MacDonough's victory on Lake Champlain, September 11, 1814. American guns 86, 52 killed, 58 wounded. British guns 95, 84 killed, 110 wounded." The Battle of Lake Champlain, also known as the Battle of Plattsburgh ended the final British invasion of the northern states. Fought just prior to the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, the American victory denied the British any leverage to demand exclusive control over the Great Lakes or territorial gains against the New England states. In the War of 1812, the United States took on the greatest naval power in the world, Great Britain. Causes of the war included British attempts to restrict US trade, the Royal Navy's impressment of American seamen and America's desire to expand its territory. The United States suffered many defeats at the hands of British, Canadian and Native American troops over the course of the war. American troops were able to repulse British invasions in New York, Baltimore and New Orleans. The ratification of the Treaty of Ghent on February 17, 1815, ended the war. The United States celebrated the War of 1812 as a "second war of independence," beginning an era of partisan agreement and national pride.