Jonas Ferdinand Gabriel Lippmann (August 16, 1845 - July 13, 1921) was a French physicist and inventor, and Nobel laureate in physics for his method of reproducing colors photographically based on the phenomenon of interference (1908). One of Lippmann's early discoveries was the relationship between electrical and capillary phenomena which allowed him to develop a sensitive capillary electrometer, subsequently known as the Lippmann electrometer which was used in the first ECG machine. Lippmann also invented the coelostat, an astronomical tool that compensated for the Earth's rotation and allowed a region of the sky to be photographed without apparent movement. He died in 1921, at the age of 75, aboard the steamer France while en route from Canada.