Lithograph entitled: Life of Martin Luther and heroes of the reformation. Shows Luther burning papal bull of excommunication, with vignettes from Luther's life and portraits of Jan Hus, Girolamo Savonarola, John Wycliffe, Caspar Creuziger, Phillip Melanchton, and Johannes Bugenhagen. Martin Luther was a German priest, professor of theology and a major figure of the Protestant Reformation. His refusal to retract all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms resulted in his excommunication by the pope. Jan Hus was a Czech priest, philosopher and the first actual Church reformer. Girolamo Savonarola was an Italian Dominican friar who preached against the moral corruption of the clergy. John Wycliffe was an English Scholastic philosopher, theologian, reformer and early dissident in the Catholic Church. Caspar Creuziger was a German humanist who worked with Martin Luther to revise Luther's German Bible translation. Philipp Melanchthon was a German reformer, and collaborator with Martin Luther. Johannes Bugenhagen was a German priest and theologian who introduced the Protestant Reformation in the Duchy of Pomerania and Denmark.