Full title: Epiphanie medicorum. Speculum videndi urinas hominum, title page. Uroscopy is the historic medical practice of visually examining a patient's urine for pus, blood, or other symptoms of disease. It dates back to ancient Egypt, Babylon, and India. It was particularly emphasized in Byzantine medicine. A circle or wheel of urine flasks with analysis of the contents; an inner circle shows a scene with a physician sitting in a chair holding up a urine flask to make a diagnosis based on analysis of the contents; a man/student stands before him.