MATTIA of Habsburg (1557 - 1619) King of Bohemia and Hungary under the name of Matthias II; Regent of the Holy Roman Empire and Emperor from 1612. Initially tolerant of the Protestant Reformation; his position forced him to line up sharply from the Catholic ; under his reign took place the episode of the "Defenestration of Prague"; which marked the beginning of the Thirty Years War. Portrait; colorful version of an engraving of Hugo B黵kner (1818-1897); Germany 1854