Asgiriya Vihara; the 鈥楳onastery of the Horse Mountain'; was built by the family of Pilima Talauve in the early 19th century; on a plot adjoining the ancient royal cremation ground. The Asgiriya Vihara is a rather smallish; inconspicuous temple; but as one of the seats of Goyigama religious power; of great significance.

From the early 19th century onwards; during the Esala Perahera; the sacred Tooth Relic would be deposited for the last night of the festival at the Asgiriya Vihara. Together with the Malwatte Vihara; it is also one of the wealthiest temples in Sri Lanka.