The Tacuinum (sometimes Taccuinum) Sanitatis is a medieval handbook on health and wellbeing; based on the Taqwim al-sihha ????? ????? ('Maintenance of Health'); an eleventh-century Arab medical treatise by Ibn Butlan of Baghdad.

Ibn Butl鈔 was a Christian physician born in Baghdad and who died in 1068. He sets forth the six elements necessary to maintain daily health: food and drink; air and the environment; activity and rest; sleep and wakefulness; secretions and excretions of humours; changes or states of mind (happiness; anger; shame; etc). According to Ibn Butl鈔; illnesses are the result of changes in the balance of some of these elements; therefore he recommended a life in harmony with nature in order to maintain or recover one's health.

Ibn Butl鈔 also teaches us to enjoy each season of the year; the consequences of each type of climate; wind and snow. He points out the importance of spiritual wellbeing and mentions; for example; the benefits of listening to music; dancing or having a pleasant conversation.

Aimed at a cultured lay audience; the text exists in several variant Latin versions; the manuscripts of which are characteristically profusely illustrated. The short paragraphs of the treatise were freely translated into Latin in mid-thirteenth-century Palermo or Naples; continuing an Italo-Norman tradition as one of the prime sites for peaceable inter-cultural contact between the Islamic and European worlds.

Four handsomely illustrated complete late fourteenth-century manuscripts of the Taccuinum; all produced in Lombardy; survive; in Vienna; Paris; Li鑗e and Rome; as well as scattered illustrations from others; as well as fifteenth-century codices.