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The ruins of Bagan (also spelled Pagan) cover an area of 16 square miles (41 km2). The majority of its buildings were built between the 11th and 13th centuries; during the time Bagan was the capital of the First Burmese Empire. However; it was not until King Pyinbya moved the capital to Bagan in 874 CE that it became a major city.
In Burmese tradition; the capital shifted with each reign; and thus Bagan was once again abandoned until the reign of King Anawrahta who; in 1057; conquered the Mon capital of Thaton; and brought back the Tripitaka Pali scriptures; Buddhist monks and craftsmen to help transform Bagan into a religious and cultural centre. With the help of a monk from Lower Burma; Anawrahta made Theravada Buddhism the state religion.
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TOP20146791
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