Yoshiko Yamaguchi (12 February 1920 - 7 September 2014) was a Chinese-born Japanese actress and singer who made a career in China; Japan; Hong Kong; and the United States.

Early in her career; the Manchukuo Film Association concealed her Japanese origin and she went by the Chinese name Li Xianglan; rendered in Japanese as Ri Koran. This allowed her to represent China in Japanese propaganda movies. After the war; she appeared in Japanese movies under her real name; as well as in several English-language movies under the stage name Shirley Yamaguchi.

She was elected as a member of the Japanese parliament in the 1970s and served for 18 years. After retiring from politics; she served as vice president of the Asian Women's Fund.