By 1973 communist China was seven years into the Cultural Revolution; which had started in May; 1966. The 'Lin Biao phase' was already over; Lin having died in an air crash over Mongolia while apparently attempting to flee to the Soviet Union. Yet the Cultural Revolution would not come to a definitive end until Mao's death in 1976.

The 'even greater victory' referred to in this poster marks the rise of the 'Gang of Four' including Wang Hongwen; Zhang Chunqiao; Yao Wenyuan and especially Mao's wife; Jiang Qing. The main campaign started by this ultra-leftist group in 1973 aimed at ending Zhou Enlai's continuing power and influence; and was marked by the slogan 'Criticise Lin [Piao]; Criticise Confucius'.

The stated goal was to end 'New Confucian' thinking as epitomized by 'The Duke of Zhou' - a none to subtle reference to Premier Zhou Enlai; who remained too popular and too influential to be named directly. This poster dates from the 'Criticise Lin; Criticise Confucius' period.