Karakuri-zui was written by Hosokawa Hanzo Yorinao; and was published in the Edo period (1798). This; Japan's oldest manuscript of mechanical engineering; consists of three volumes. They were later reprinted in Osaka and Kyoto. The compendium details the structure and the construction process of clocks (wadokei; jp. ???) and automated (Karakuri ningyo; jp. ??????) mechanical dolls; and it explains not only the techniques; but also about the spirit of making these mechanical devices.