Abu ?Ali al-Husayn ibn ?Abd Allah ibn Sina (c. 980; Afshana near Bukhara - 1037; Hamadan; Iran); commonly known as Ibn Sina or by his Latinized name Avicenna; was a Persian polymath; who wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide range of subjects; of which around 240 have survived. In particular; 150 of his surviving treatises concentrate on philosophy and 40 of them concentrate on medicine.

His most famous works are The Book of Healing; a vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia; and The Canon of Medicine; which was a standard medical text at many medieval universities. The Canon of Medicine was used as a text-book in the universities of Montpellier and Leuven as late as 1650. Ibn Sina's Canon of Medicine provides a complete system of medicine according to the principles of Galen and Hippocrates.

His corpus also includes writing on philosophy; astronomy; alchemy; geology; psychology; Islamic theology; logic; mathematics; physics; as well as poetry. He is regarded as the most famous and influential polymath of the Islamic Golden Age.