Illustration of the various types of hernia: -epigastric hernia (between the sternum and navel) -umbilical hernia (around the navel) -inguinal hernia (passing through the inguinal ring in the case of an indirect hernia, or directly through the abdominal muscles in the case of a direct hernia) -crural hernia (at the skin protrusion of the inguinal ligament which links the anterior superior iliac spine with the pubic spine, the femoral arch).