Yukio Mishima is the pen name of Kimitake Hiraoka (January 14; 1925 - November 25; 1970); a Japanese author; poet; playwright; actor; and film director. Mishima is considered one of the most important Japanese authors of the 20th century; he was nominated three times for the Nobel Prize in Literature and was poised to win the prize in 1968 but lost the award to his fellow countryman Yasunari Kawabata.

His avant-garde work displayed a blending of modern and traditional aesthetics that broke cultural boundaries; with a focus on sexuality; death; and political change. He is remembered for his ritual suicide by seppuku after a failed coup d'etat attempt; known as the 'Mishima Incident'. Pictures From History Nationaal Archief Nederlands