Anatomical drawing of a male body showing the bones and organs. Tibet - Early 20th century Thangka; Gouache on paper.

Tibetan medicine or Sowa-Rigpa ('Healing Science') is a centuries-old traditional medical system that employs a complex approach to diagnosis; incorporating techniques such as pulse analysis and urinalysis; and utilizes behavior and dietary modification; medicines composed of natural materials (e.g.; herbs and minerals) and physical therapies (e.g. Tibetan acupuncture; moxabustion; etc.) to treat illness.

The Tibetan medical system is based upon a synthesis of the Indian (Ayurveda); Persian (Unani); Greek; indigenous Tibetan; and Chinese medical systems; and it continues to be practiced in Tibet; India; Nepal; Bhutan; Ladakh; Siberia; China and Mongolia; as well as more recently in parts of Europe and North America. It embraces the traditional Buddhist belief that all illness ultimately results from the 'three poisons' of the mind: ignorance; attachment and aversion.