Samuel SMILES (1812-1904) writer; journalist and Scottish politician. Been born in a numerous family; he was forced to abandon the studies at the age of 14 in order to work near a doctor; he succeeded however to equally graduate in medicine and surgery to the University of Edinburgh. From doctor; an active campaign was dedicated to the journalism; leading in support of the reforms parliamentarians from the columns of the Edinburgh Weekly Chronicle and the Leeds Times. In the 1840 divenne secretary of the Leeds Parliamentary Reform Association; an organization that supported the objectives of the Chartism (universal suffrage; ballot to the women; etc) Recording XIX century