Louis IX; King of France; in military costume mounted on a white horse (symbol of sovereignty). He wears a helm with grill; suit of iron chainmail; sleeveless tunic and spurs. He holds an escutcheon or buckler and banner with the royal coat of arms; gold fleurs de lys on blue field. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Leopold Massard from French Costumes from King Clovis to Our Days; Massard; Mifliez; Paris; 1834.