Turpan / Turfan (Chinese Turkestan; Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; China).- Inscription above the gate of a mosque; in the upper row the Basmala (first phrase of the first sura of the Qur'an: "Bismillah al rahman al rahim / In the name of God; the Most Gracious; the Most Merciful); in the lower row the Shahada (Islamic declaration of faith; first of the Five Pillars of Islam: "La ilaha illa llah Muhammadun rasulu 鈥榣lah / There is no God but Allah; and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah).Photo; 1988.