John James Audubon (1785-1851); French-American ornithological artist. Steel engraving by Charles Wands from a portrait in oils by John Syme from Sir Thomas Dick Lauder and Captain Thomas Brown's 鈥楳iscellany of Natural History: Parrots;' Edinburgh; 1833. The Miscellany was intended to be a multi-volume series; but was brought to an abrupt halt after only the second volume on cats when Audubon complained about the unauthorized use of his illustrations.