Claude-Louis Berthollet (1748-1822), trained as a physician. He became one of the leading French chemists. With Lavoisier, he was instrumental in turning chemistry into a modern scientific discipline in the late 18th century. He was influential in theoretical, experimental and practical chemistry. The first systematic book on chemical physics was his Essai de Statique Chimique. He also worked on a wide range of chemicals including those involved in the dyeing and bleaching industries and researched new gunpowder formulations. Modern chemical nomenclature was influenced by the input of Berthollet.