The siege of Qinghe, Nurhaci leads an attack on the city of Qinghe in Liaoning province. Defenders on the city walls throw rocks and fire cannon at the Manchu soldiers who swarm up ladder and begin to break down the wall. Nurhaci watches bottom right, seated on a folding chair. A facsimile of the 1781 edition of the Manzhou shilu, illustrated description of the life of Nurhaci (1559-1626), whose descendants completed the conquest of China and the establishment of the Qing dynasty, 1644-1911. Image taken from Manzhou shilu. Originally published in Shenyang, 1930.