Homo heidelbergensis tooth. This fossil specimen is from the Sima de los Huesos site, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, containing the earliest human remains found in Europe. Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) is a extinct hominin species from the same genus as modern humans. Like other early humans, they had complex social structures and lived in family groups. They lived around 600,000 to 400,000 years ago.