Early phrenology. 15th-century woodcut attributed to the German artist Albrecht Durer (1471-1528). It was published in Nuremburg, Germany, in 1498, in a book titled Trilogiam Animae, written by the theologian Lodovicus Pruthenus. The Trilogium Animae is a three-part theological text, mostly concerning the human soul. Parts of the head have been labelled, and it is thought that this is identifying areas of the head responsible for a person's mind and character, a tradition that goes back to the Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. Similar ideas would be developed in the late 18th century into the now discredited discipline of phrenology. From The Complete Woodcuts of Albrecht Durer (W. Kurth, 1936).