Hyperplastic prostate. Cut specimen of prostate gland exhibiting nodular hyperplasia (cell proliferation). The nodular appearance is due to cell proliferation around the glandular acini (secretory sacs) of the prostate and in the fibromuscular tissue in between. The resulting enlargement tends to obstruct the urethra and may result in urine retention, distension of the kidney pelvis, and increased risk of infection and stone formation. This condition usually occurs in men over 50; treatment of more severe cases involves surgical removal of the prostate gland.