IUD contraceptive packaging. This box contains the intrauterine device (IUD) Mirena, a t-shaped piece of plastic that releases low-doses of the hormone progesterone (as levonorgestrel). It is placed in the uterus (womb) to prevent pregnancy. The presence of the device alone is effective at preventing a fertilised egg implanting in the uterine wall. The addition of the female sex hormone progesterone increases the reliability of the device. The hormone thickens the cervical mucus, making it harder for sperm to reach the uterus and in some cases also stops ovulation. It also causes lighter and shorter periods and so may be used to treat heavy periods (menorrhagia). Progesterone is released for up to 5 years, after which the device is replaced.