Swollen Fallopian tube. Gross clinical specimens of fluid-filled Fallopian tubes (oviducts). This condition is known as hydrosalpinx. It may result from a blockage of the open end of the tube (at the ovary), or as a complication of an ovarian cyst. It may affect one or both tubes. If both are blocked, it causes infertility. Surgery may be required to drain and repair affected tubes.