Sir James Whyte Black (born 1924), Scottish pharmacologist and Nobel laureate. Black was knighted in 1981, and appointed to the Order of Merit in 2000. Black shared the 1988 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Gertrude B. Elion and George H. Hitchings. The share of the Nobel was awarded for Black's work on important principles for drug treatment. He invented the beta-blocker drug propranalol, and synthesised the stomach ulcer drug cimetidine. Photograph from the Lasker Awards Archives. Photographed in 1976.