Abdominal surgery. Coloured frontal X-ray of a male patient shortly after having surgery. The spine is seen at top centre and runs down to the pelvis at lower centre. The small red lines at lower left and right are surgical staples or sutures (stitches). The surgery was an ileal conduit urinary diversion, which is performed when the urine produced by the kidneys (not seen) cannot continue as normal to the bladder. The surgery involves diverting the ureters (tubes connecting the kidneys and bladder) to a detached section of ileum (part of the small intestine). The end of the ileum section is then connected to an opening (stoma) in the abdominal wall, where the urine is collected by a disposable bag.