Enlarged liver. X-ray of the chest of a 55 year old patient with an enlarged liver (hepatomegaly). The liver itself cannot be seen, but the disorder has been revealed by the raised diaphragm (white, lower left). An enlarged liver is usually a symptom of an underlying cause, such as cancer, high blood pressure (hypertension) or infection. Treatment is of the cause, and liver transplant surgery may be needed in severe cases.