Paul Kammerer (1880-1926), Austrian zoologist. Kammerer studied evolution, and particularly Lamarckian inheritance, the concept that changes in an individual can be passed on to its offspring. This idea, already out of favour following the success of Darwin's theories, was discredited by allegations that Kammerer's experiments were faked. Six weeks after the allegations, Kammerer committed suicide. Photograph from the Bain News Service.