Sir William Huggins (1824-1910), British astronomer, caricature. Huggins's work on spectroscopy showed that some 'nebulae' were collections of stars (galaxies) and some were collections of gas and dust in the Milky Way (the true nebulae). He was President of the Royal Astronomical Society (1877-1878), and President of the Royal Society (1900-1905). He was awarded Gold Medals by the Royal Astronomical Society (1867 and 1885), and the Royal Society's Royal Medal (1866), Rumford Medal (1880), and Copley Medal (1898). An asteroid and craters on the Moon and Mars are named in his honour. This artwork by Leslie Ward was published in the British weekly magazine Vanity Fair (1868-1914).